John Dourley and God Essay -- Religion Christianity Psychology Essays

John Dourley and GodIt is my understanding that Dourley does not explain god as a creation of the man mind. Rather, the point that Dourley makes is that notions of god as existing outside the psyche are the result of archetypal expression of which the individual is unaware. This in no way eclipses the macrocosm of god. Rather, it defies the orthodox notion of a transpsychic being by arguing that god is wholly contained in the psyche, albeit the limitless nature of the unconscious. Dourley argues this in his discussion of Jungs arguments with Martin Buber. temporary hookup Buber argues that such a Being must be conceived as existing independently of the psyche (1995, p 181), Jung points out that Bubers cobblers lasts are based on archetypal possession of which Buber remained unaware (1995, p 183). The creation of a deity from encounters with archetypes as Buber had done is dubbed by Dourley as the deity-creating function of the unconscious, a term he uses twice (1995, p 177 199). Herein lies the possible misinterpretation that Dourley sees Jung as beholding god to be a human creation void of a populace of existence. Dourley points out that religions that live do so because the founders personal experience and imagery are recognized by the collective as concourse its needs (1995, p177-8). Collective in this case refers to the collective unconscious. The unconscious resolves its needs by influencing individual consciousness, and invariably produces god-creations that partially satisfy its needs although not pitch total fulfillment. In this way, all the religions of the world are explained. To further illustrate how Dourleys concept of a deity-creating function does not relegate god to a mental creation, consider the ... ...ed life is sustained despite the law of entropy. I offer the arguments of changed consciousness and the idea of growth to show the reality of god beyond our mental creations. It is also important to note that both of these notions are pr emised on the idea of god existing inside the human psyche, not beyond it. It is my wish that my endeavors at the beginning of the paper have that I am in agreement with Dourley, not opposition. Following my arguments to a logical end, I draw the conclusion that some minds are, in fact, more receptive to the psychically contained god than are others. Works CitedDourley, John P. The religious implications of Jungs psychology. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 40. Halligan, Fredrica R. Jungian possible action and religious experience. In RW Hood, Jr. (Ed) Handbook of religious experience. Birmingham Religious Education Press, Inc.

Genetic Engineering New Teeth :: Genetic Engineering Essays

The article I read was about some scientists that were able to grow teeth inside rats bodies. This project was led by Pamela C. Yelick, a scientist for Forsyth Institute, and the project was conducted in Massachusetts. Joseph P. Vacanti, a tissue engineer at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Yelick had the idea for the experiment.Vacanti had previously worked with rats and he found that cells will naturally take aim themselves into tissues and other complex structures if they are placed in the right environment. Vacanti and Yelick hypothesized that the same approach could be applied to growing teeth. Previous research had identified the halt cells that make dentin, but no one had been able to use the base of operations cells that make tooth enamel prior to this experiment.The teeth were formed inside the bellies of rats using stem cells from pigs. Yelick obtained the cells from discarded pig jaws at a meat packing plant. The scientists removed a molar that had non yet erupted from the pig jaw to use for the project. They purpose the molar into small pieces and treated it with enzymes to break it down into small patches of cells.The cells were then placed into a scaffold and implanted into the rats. The scientists placed the scaffolds in the blood-rich tissue lift the rats intestines. This area provided the nutrients that the cells needed to grow. The rats used in the experiment had weakened immune systems that would not reject the foreign tissue.At that point, the researchers could only wait for the teeth to grow. As an added precaution, the rats were placed in a special clean room behind locked doors. The researchers would periodically x-ray the rats to see if anything had grown, but it was not until after several months that they in truth found encouraging splotches inside the rats.This article showed that we can use stem cells to create tooth enamel that we can use for new teeth and other dental needs in the future. Before this project, the idea o f creating teeth using stem cells was only a thought. In class we talked about the creation of human organs inside of animals, cloning animals, and cloning humans, but we had not mentioned cloning teeth. Cloning humans brought up many ethical issues, but I do not think cloning teeth would pose any problems. The information in this article seems biased. The Boston Globe is definitely not a scientific journal.

A Content Analysis of Organizational Dissent as Portrayed on Primetime

IntroductionThere has been much research done on organizational withstand, but there is a dearth of research consecrated to how television shows portray jib over the airwaves. In Deviating From the Script A Content Analysis of organizational Dissent as Portrayed on Primetime boob tube by Johny T. Garner, Emily S. Kinsky, Andrei C. Duta, and Julia Danker, the authors attempted to combine these two theories for their study. Using the data collected by the authors and their research team, the authors resolved to measure how effective the dissent was in creating change. Organizational dissent is important in nonfictional workplaces for a variety of reasons, and these results indicate one potential influence on organizational members that may depict dissent as futile (Garner et al., 2012, p. 620). The authors set about trying to quantify organizational dissent on network television in the primetime hours. The authors also argued that organizational dissent was the challenge of status quo and the benefits of this challenge was of value to both the dissenter and the organization as well. This review will provide a critical analysis of the obligate as well offer some insights into where the authors research could go further. Hypotheses and Philosophical PerspectivesGarner et al. provided three hypotheses for their content analysis of primetime programming. First, the authors hypothesized that dissent would be portrayed as ineffective. In this hypothesis, effectiveness was defined in terms of receiving emotional support and/or achieving instrumental change. The second hypothesis was centered on to whom the dissent would be expressed. The authors used four potential dissent audiences supervisors, subordinates, coworkers and people ... .... doi 10.1080/01463373.2012.725001Gerbner, G. (1990). Epilogue Advancing on the path of righteousness (maybe). In N. Signorielli & M. Morgan (Eds.), Cultivation analysis spick-and-span directions in media effects research (pp. 249 262). Newbury Park, CA Sage.Morgan, M. (2000). On George Gerbners contributions to communication theory, research, and social action. In M. Morgan (Ed.), Against the mainstream The selected works of George Gerbner (pp. 120). New York Peter Lang.Shapiro,M., & Lang, A. (1991).Making television creation Unconscious processes in the construction of social reality. Communication Research, 18, 685705. doi 10.1177=009365091018005007Shrum, L. J. (1997). The role of source confusion in cultivation effects may depend on processing strategy A comment on Mares. Human Communication Research, 24, 349358. doi 10.1111/j.1468-2958.1997.tb00418.x

An Analysis of the Epic Poem, Beowulf - Bravery in Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

Bravery in Beowulf     Bravery is like a very trusted friend, it will never let you down. That story holds true in the great epic of Beowulf. Beowulf is the story of a great hero who comes to the aid of a troubled king. Beowulf hears that king Hrothgar is having trouble and immediately comes to garter with no questions asked. he defeats the monster, Grendel, with his bare hands. Beowulf then defeats Grendels mother along with a dragon until he is fatally injured. Bravery is a very admirable property that few people possess. First of all, Beowulf came to help Hrothgar on his own free will. Hearing of the troubles that Hrothgar was having with a monster terrorizing Herot, his mead hall, Beowulf bravely offered his help not knowing what he was up against. When he arrived, Beowulf did not ask the king for either money nor fame. The only favor that he asked of Hrothgar was that he and his men were to weight-lift the monster, Grendel. Coming out-of-door from ones homeland to help get rid of a man-eating monster and asking for nothing in return takes much courage and is an extremely brave deed. Next, Beowulf decides to fight Grendel with his bare hands. He could have easily obtained some kind of weapon to fight with. Beowulf was the first warrior ever to have enough sheer bravery to go up against such a monster with neither help nor weapon or shield to aid him. he was a warrior that believed somewhat in caboodle and in God. Believing that God made the decisions and was in control, Beowulf trusted that his life was in good hands. Defeating Grendel with his bare hands, Beowulf not only proved his bravery scarcely also his loyalty. After defeating Grendel, Beowulf came back twice in order to kill Grendels mother and a fire-breathing dragon. Although during his bout with the dragon, Beowulf was fatally injured. As his services were needed, he evermore prevailed Beowulfs bravery never tired. He even had to fight and kill these mon sters in their homes where nobody had ever ventured. Successfully defeating Grendels mother lead Beowulf into his third and final action with the last monster.

Is Education Enough for the Real World? Essay -- Womens Education Argu

Is Education Enough for the Real World?Is a college education large to plant and teach you about life? A college education is important to prepare you for a career in a specialized field, but it basinnot prepare you for the real world. Through my experience as a 23 year-old woman, I can say that I have learned more outside of coach to prepare me for my future life. I have had to learn more through outside resources, family, friends, and love-interest relationships to be able to survive as a obstinate effeminate in todays edict. As I read articles on education I was able to find two authors that shared my views about education in todays society Adrienne naughty and Jon Spayde. In the article What Does a Woman Need to Know? by Adrienne Rich, Rich delivers a commencement address to female college graduates about the civilize of womens education. As a writer and teacher, Rich states that there is no womens college today which is providing young women with the education they need for survival as whole persons in a world which denies women wholenesss (qtd. in Lunsford and Ruszkiewicz 66). According to interviewer and editor Jon Spayde in the article Learning in the Key of Life, Spaydes essay reflects that education should take place throughout a lifetime and not secure through formal schooling. Both Rich and Spayde believe that education should be taken to a farther extent than just what we learn in school. Through history and culture every clement being, especially women, can learn a lot about themselves and become strong-minded individuals. Adrienne Rich argues that women have been viewed as existing in the service of men, and it is only through knowledge that we can learn to overcome such a view. Rich believes tha... ...w much I have learned on my own and I am thankful for the resources and the people around me that have helped me become a self-defining human being. My own experiences have taught me to survive in the real world more than my college edu cation. If we are just educated through college, we will not be on the watch for problems that the real world confronts us with until we learn from our own experiences. Once we become street-educated we can come to survive real life experiences and learn how to deal with them. The trump education can come from what we learn in our own experiences to help teach us valuable lessons about life. Through culture and humanities we can learn about others and ourselves, in order to be able to adapt to our own environment. To become successful in life, we must teach ourselves what we really wishing to know and obtain the answers we want in our lives.

The Computer - Its Effect in Healthcare Essay -- Neurometrix, CLINDERM

The calculator is an electronic data processing machine. It studys more or less like the human brain but brings forth results at a marvelous speed. It is the most recent contribution of technology that boosts productivity, reduces costs, and makes a moderate increase in our earnings. If we analyze our daily lives, most of our work is connected with computers, directly or indirectly. People interact with computers in fields such as education, healthcare and communication however, healthcare is the area that has been most assisted by computer. Nearly every area of healthcare today uses computer and its related software. Computer, with its federal agency to increase capability, accuracy, and availability of information, plays an important role in supporting and developing healthcare system. The medical field has been subjected to many difficulties. Improving the quality of healthcare was always an unanswered question (Stein 754). Computer, with its unbelievable ability to make dev elopments, found an answer to that question. The present day fourth generation computers have started performing many untamed and incredible functions in hospitals. It can be said that there is no medical procedure is done in which a computer cannot be utilize (Joseph 73). If a person is visiting a physician for an examination, having lab work or a test, or experiencing a surgery, the medical staff around him pull up stakes use computers for various purposes. When people are offered with new innovations that require new knowledge and change work style, there is a possibility of resistance (Stein 755) however, when computer make ones work much easier, those resistances will be automatically wiped out. Computer has brought some remarkable changes in our healthcare system. It h... ...echnology that healthcare has ever experienced. It has great potentialities as a powerful medium of knowledge. Most of the medical procedures today require computer support. Within forty years, compute r technology has made stupendous progress. It has revolutionized work methods for cutting down time and cost. The technology for patients data storage and medication chartings has been revolutionized by the computers in the last two or leash decades. Patients seem to have more faith in computerized valuation of their treatments. They believe that the computer cannot go wrong. Computer, with its capability to go far and find information in a marvelous speed, offers clear and accurate results in medical procedures. The computer will continue to apply its major impact in healthcare by enhancing its performances and, in some cases, replacing the doctor himself. (1316)

The Computer - Its Effect in Healthcare Essay -- Neurometrix, CLINDERM

The computer is an electronic data processing machine. It works much or less like the human brain but brings forth results at a marvelous speed. It is the most recent contribution of technology that boosts productivity, reduces costs, and makes a gradual increase in our earnings. If we analyze our daily lives, most of our work is connected with computers, directly or indirectly. People interact with computers in fields such as education, health care and communication however, healthcare is the area that has been most assisted by computer. Nearly every area of healthcare today uses computer and its connect software. Computer, with its power to increase capability, accuracy, and availability of data, plays an important role in supporting and developing healthcare system. The medical field has been subjected to many an(prenominal) difficulties. Improving the quality of healthcare was always an unanswered question (Stein 754). Computer, with its unbelievable ability to make develo pments, found an answer to that question. The present day fourth generation computers have started performing many fantastic and incredible functions in hospitals. It can be said that there is no medical procedure is done in which a computer cannot be used (Joseph 73). If a person is visiting a physician for an examination, having lab work or a test, or experiencing a surgery, the medical staff well-nigh him will use computers for various purposes. When people are offered with new innovations that require new knowledge and change work style, there is a possibility of fortress (Stein 755) however, when computer make ones work much easier, those resistances will be automatically wiped out. Computer has brought some remarkable changes in our healthcare system. It h... ...echnology that healthcare has ever experienced. It has huge potentialities as a powerful medium of knowledge. Most of the medical procedures today require computer support. Within forty years, computer technology ha s made big progress. It has revolutionized work methods for cutting down time and cost. The technology for patients data storage and medication chartings has been revolutionized by the computers in the last two or three decades. Patients seem to have more faith in computerized valuation of their treatments. They believe that the computer cannot go wrong. Computer, with its capability to go far and find information in a marvelous speed, offers clear and accurate results in medical procedures. The computer will continue to apply its major impact in healthcare by enhancing its performances and, in some cases, replacing the doctor himself. (1316)

MBA Database Management Essay

A1.Differentiate in the midst of Traditional File administration & Modern Database System File Base system were the traditional systems which has been replaced right away by modern selective informationbase systems. All entropybase use ar using the Modern day database management systems now a days . The difference between the these dickens technologies given below.File-based SystemFile-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual filing system. File-based system is a sight of application programs that perform services for the end-users. Each program defines and manages its data. n angiotensin-converting enzymethe slight, five types of problem atomic number 18 occurred in using the file-based approachSeparation and isolation of dataWhen data is isolated in separate files, it is more difficult for us to access data that should be available. The application programmer is required to synchronize the processing of two or more files to ensure the correct data i s extracted.Duplication of dataWhen employing the decentralized file-based approach, the uncontrolled duplication of data is occurred. Uncontrolled duplication of data is unenviable becausei.Duplication is wastefulii.Duplication fundament lead to injury of data integrityData dependenceUsing file-based system, the physical construction and storage of the data files and records are be in the application program code. This characteristic is known as program-data dependence. Making changes to an existing structure are rather difficult and will lead to a modification of program. Such maintenance activities are time-consuming and subject to error.Incompatible file formatsThe structures of the file are dependent on the application programming language. However file structure provided in one programming language such as direct file, indexed-sequential file which is available in COBOL programming, whitethorn be incompatible from the structure generated by early(a) programming language such as C. The direct incompatibility makes them difficult to process jointly.Fixed queries / proliferation of application programsFile-based systems are real dependent upon the application programmer. Any required queries or reports have to be written by the application programmer. Norm entirelyy, a fixed format query or report dejection only be entertained and no facility for ad-hoc queries if offered. File-based systems also give tremendous pressure on data processing staff, with users complaints on programs that are inadequate or inefficient in meeting their demands. Documentation may be limited and maintenance of the system is difficult. Provision for security, integrity and convalescence capability is very limited.Database SystemsIn order to overcome the limitations of the file-based approach, the concept of database and the Database Management System (DMS) was emerged in 60s. A database is an application that can store and retrieve data very rapidly. The relational bit re fers to how the data is stored in the database and how it is organized. When we talk about database, we mean a relational database, in fact an RDBMS Relational Database Management System. In a relational database, all data is stored in tables. These have the same structure repeated in each row (like a spreadsheet) and it is the relations between the tables that make it a relational tableAdvantagesA reduce of payoffs of applying database approach in application system are obtained including Control of data redundancy The database approach attempts to eliminate the redundancy by integrating the file. Although the database approach does not eliminate redundancy entirely, it controls the amount of redundancy inherent in the database.Data consistencyBy eliminating or controlling redundancy, the database approach reduces the risk of inconsistencies occurring. It ensures all copies of the idea are kept consistent. More information from the same amount of dataWith the integration of the operated data in the database approach, it may be possible to derive additional information for the same data.Sharing of dataDatabase belongs to the entire organization and can be shared out by all authorized users.better data integrityDatabase integrity provides the validity and consistency of stored data. Integrity is usually expressed in terms of constraints, which are consistency rules that the database is not permitted to violate.Improved securityDatabase approach provides a protection of the data from the unauthorized users. It may carry on the term of user names and passwords to get wind user type and their access right in the operation including retrieval, insertion, updating and deletion.Enforcement of standardsThe integration of the database enforces the necessary standards including data formats, naming conventions, documentation standards, update procedures and access rules.thriftiness of scaleCost savings can be obtained by combining all organizations operational dat a into one database with applications to work on one source of data.Balance of conflicting requirementsBy having a structural design in the database, the conflicts between users or departments can be resolved. Decisions will be based on the base use of resources for the organization as a whole rather that for an individual entity.Improved data accessibility and responsivenessBy having an integration in the database approach, data accessing can be crossed departmental boundaries. This feature provides more live onality and better services to the users.Increased productivityThe database approach provides all the low-level file-handling routines. The provision of these functions allows the programmer to concentrate more on the specific functionality required by the users. The fourth-generation environment provided by the database can simplify the database application development.Improved maintenanceDatabase approach provides a data independence. As a change of data structure in the da tabase will be affect the application program, it simplifies database application maintenance.Increased concurrencyDatabase can manage concurrent data access effectively. It ensures no interference between users that would not result any(prenominal) loss of information nor loss of integrity.Improved backing and recovery servicesModern database management system provides facilities to minimize the amount of processing that can be lost following a failure by using the transaction approach. prejudicesIn split of a large number of advantages can be found in the database approach, it is not without any challenge. The following disadvantages can be found includingComplexityDatabase management system is an extremely complex piece of software. All parties must be familiar with its functionality and take full advantage of it. Therefore, training for the administrators, designers and users is required.SizeThe database management system consumes a substantial amount of main memory as well as a large number amount of disk space in order to make it run expeditiously.Cost of DBMSA multi-user database management system may be very expensive. Even after the installation, there is a high recurrent annual maintenance cost on the software.Cost of conversionWhen pathetic from a file-base system to a database system, the company is required to have additional expenses on hardware acquisition and training cost.PerformanceAs the database approach is to give for many applications rather than exclusively for a particular one, some applications may not run as fast as before.Higher impact of a failureThe database approach increases the vulnerability of the system due to the centralization. As all users and applications reply on the database availability, the failure of any component can bring operations to a halt and affect the services to the customer seriouslyQ2. What is the disadvantage of sequential file organization? How do you overcome it? What are the advantages & disadvantage s of Dynamic Hashing?Disadvantage of Sequestial file organizationA file that contains records or other elements that are stored in a chronological order based on account number or some other identifying data. In order to locate the desired data, sequential files must be read starting at the beginning of the file. A sequential file may be stored on a sequential access device such as magnetic tape or on a direct access device such as magnetic disk. Contrast with haphazard file.Dynamic HashingAdvantagesThe main advantage of chop upish tables over other table data structures is speed. This advantage is more apparent when the number of entries is large (thousands or more). Hash tables are particularly efficient when the maximum number of entries can be predicted in advance, so that the hardened array can be allocated once with the optimum size and never resized.If the set of key-value pairs is fixed and known fore of time (so insertions and deletions are not allowed), one may redu ce the number lookup cost by a careful choice of the hash function, bucket table size, and internal data structures. In particular, one may be able to devise a hash function that is collision-free, or even meliorate (see below). In this case the keys need not be stored in the table .DisadvantagesHash tables can be more difficult to implement than self-balancing binary see trees. Choosing an effective hash function for a specific application is more an art than a science. In open-addressed hash tables it is fairly easy to create a unworthy hash function.Although operations on a hash table take constant time on average, the cost of a good hash function can be significantly higher than the inner loop of the lookup algorithm for a sequential list or search tree. indeed hash tables are not effective when the number of entries is very small. (However, in some cases the high cost of computing the hash function can be mitigated by saving the hash value together with the key.)For certai n string processing applications, such as spell-checking, hash tables may be less efficient than tries, finite automata, or Judy arrays. Also, if each key is represented by a small enough number of bits, then, instead of a hash table, one may use the key directly as the index into an array of values. Note that there are no collisions in this case.The entries stored in a hash table can be enumerated efficiently (at constant cost per entry), but only in some pseudo-random order. Therefore, there is no efficient way to efficiently locate an entry whose key is nearest to a given key. Listing all n entries in some specific order generally requires a separate sorting step, whose cost is proportional to log(n) per entry. In comparison, ordered search trees have lookup and insertion cost proportional to log(n), but allow purpose the nearest key at about the same cost, and ordered enumeration of all entries at constant cost per entry.If the keys are not stored (because the hash function is collision-free), there may be no easy way to enumerate the keys that are present in the table at any given moment.Although the average cost per operation is constant and fairly small, the cost of a single operation may be quite high. In particular, if the hash table uses slashing resizing, an insertion or deletion operation may occasionally take time proportional to the number of entries. This may be a serious drawback in real-time or interactive applications.Hash tables in general exhibit poor locality of referencethat is, the data to be accessed is distributed seemingly at random in memory. Because hash tables cause access patterns that jump around, this can trigger microprocessor cache misses that cause long delays. Compact data structures such as arrays, searched with running(a) search, may be faster if the table is relatively small and keys are integers or other short strings. According to Moores Law, cache sizes are suppuration exponentially and so what is considered small may be increasing. The optimal performance point varies from system to system.Hash tables become quite inefficient when there are many collisions. While extremely uneven hash distributions are extremely unlikely to arise by chance, a malicious adversary with knowledge of the hash function may be able to supply information to a hash which creates worst-case behavior by causing excessive collisions, resulting in very poor performance (i.e., a denial of service attack). In critical applications, either universal hashing can be used or a data structure with better worst-case guarantees may be preferableQ3. What is relationship type? Explain the difference among a relationship instance, relationship type & a relation set?A3.A relationship type R among n entity types E1, E2, , En is a set of associations among entities from these types. Actually, R is a set of relationship instances ri where each ri is an n-tuple of entities (e1, e2, , en), and each entity ej in ri is a member of entity t ype Ej, 1jn. Hence, a relationship type is a mathematical relation on E1, E2, , En, or alternatively it can be defined as a subset of the Cartesian product E1x E2x xEn . Here, entity types E1, E2, , En defines a set of relationship, called relationship sets.Q4. What is SQL? Discuss.Q5. What is Normalization? Discuss various types of Normal Forms? Q6. What do you mean by Shared Lock & Exclusive lock? Describe briefly two phase locking protocol? MI0034 Database Management System 4 CreditsAssignment Set- 2 (60 Marks)Answer all the QuestionsQ1. Define Data Model & discuss the categories of Data Models? What is the difference between logical data license & Physical Data Independence? Q2. What is a B+Trees? Describe the structure of both internal and leaf nodes of a B+Tree? Q3. Describe acoustic projection operation, Set theoretic operation & join operation? Q4. Discuss Multi Table Queries?Q5. Discuss Transaction Processing Concept? 10.2 Describe properties of Transactions? Q6. Desc ribe the advantage of Distributed database? What is Client/server Model? Discuss briefly the security and Internet violation? .

A Proposed Solution to Hiring More Employees

Meeting the list above will improve brawny lifestyles for employees to keep growing at their full potential. 1. 0 Introduction 1. 1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to deal a reasonable amount of employees for station c atomic number 18 at Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center. Hiring employees would cut down performance. 1. 2 Problem The staff mentioned the lack of staff to do the work. Employees were working more than hours. They expressed their frustrations about not having holidays gain. Not letting the staff know at head of epoch that they would be working forced overtime was prevent to staff. Staff felt frustrated with continue mandatory overtime.Patients are staying longer for treatment. Security officers are constantly call on hospital units four to quintuplet time in eight hours to handle crisis. Management not listing to staff to hire employees was a lack of team work. 2. 0 Discussion 2. 1 Solution Hire more employees to eat up the load off the current empl oyees. 2. 2 Benefits Hiring new employees has many benefits. Here are a few of them Employees could come about more time with family Employees would come to work happier The company would benefit by increase productivity Benefit economy by giving more lot work. Its cheaper than having current employees work overtime.Customers would have better service. 2. 3 costs Hiring new employees can be a costly process, but it will pay off in the long run. According to Joe Hadzima, a columnist for the Boston Business Journal and lecturer at MITs Sloan School of Management, the salary and benefits totals is 1. 25 to 1. 4 times base salary range. As shown by Figure 1 Wages and Salaries only equal about 70% of the cost to hire new employees. thither are quite a few other expenses you must take into account. The True Cost of Hiring New Employees Figure 1 2. 4 Hiring Process The company could do mix of the following to find applicants An ad in the paperAn internet ad Job fair if enough openings are available Recruiter at a college or university one after each other. It should take a week to get the ads out and another week for applicants to respond to the ads. After the interview it should take about 2 weeks to process the applicants. In about a month new employees should be working in the company. These positions could either be full time or part time whichever is necessary. 2. 5 Training Training is one of the most expensive things about hiring new employees but its important for employees to get the worthy training.It takes on average 5 months for new employees to become good at their work. According to the Studer Group, A survey of 610 CEOs by Harvard Business School estimates that typical mid-level managers overlook 6. 2 months to reach their break-even point. There are many benefits to training employees. Here are few of them They wont damage expensive company property. Employees will be more productive and efficient at their work. Customers will be happier when t hey deal with well-trained employees. Other companies are more willing to work with your company if your employees know what they are doing.Average Hours Employees are Trained In A Year This chart shows how employers are training employees more in the last few years. Figure 2 3. 0 decision 3. 1 Solution Hiring new employees is the best solution for companies who are constantly busy and employees are working a ton of hours. Here are close to of the many benefits Current employees could spend more time with family Employees would come to work happier, because theyll have more time to rest and relax. The company would benefit by increasing productivity. Hiring new people is also good for the local economy by giving more people work.Its heaper to hire new employees than have current employees work overtime. Customer would also be happier with more employees so that they would have better service. 3. 2 Time Frame It should take about a month to hire new employees. It will take about 5 months for the employees to be trained in unless they have previous experience. So new employees should be hired and fully trained in in 6 months.

Developing and applying theories in a pluralistic society – The Person Centred Method

For this assignment I exit be considering Carl Rogers mortal centred method and its application to lesbian women in a pluralist society, I will be drawing upon the theoretical frame work previously used in my presentation.Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was the founder of the person centred method his theories are associated with the Humanistic psychology it is also associated with Maslow(1908-1970) and phenomenological approach.Phenomenology is a philosophical assessment of the individual it was developed by Husserl (1975), the focus is on the subjective experience. The method involved requires the professional to suspend their assumption and recital of the clients world, thereby allowing the client to interpret and explore their own experiences and thoughts.It is important to consider the context in which psychological theories designualised and developed. Humanistic psychology developed in the industrial age and in the 50s and 60s it therefore places great importance on the individu al as a person striving for independence, self actualisation and their maximum potential.Dryden et al (1989) have also given an outline of the origins of the humankindistic theory, that these were in the affluent era of the 50s and 60s in California, terms such as self actualisation, nominate be just a slogan that is applied without any real meaning, when contrasted between the prosperous, optimistic society of California, it domiciliate have a different meaning for those people that are in poverty are unemployed or homeless.The concept of self actualisation which is considered necessary by psychologists such as Rogers can be explored in relation to lesbian women and how society conceptualises them.Homosexuality has been viewed by psycho healers and psychiatrists as a mental illness, and was considered as such until 1974 when the American Psychiatric Association de septified it, tho there was considerable opposition to this from psych another(prenominal)apists, psychoanalysts, and medical seat psychiatrists ( Mcleod J, 1998), in-fact psychotherapy was used to try to cure homosexuality.Although the work of Rogers has encouraged progress and has been associated with movement away from the previous medical gravel of mental illness, one the draw backs of Rogerian person centred therapy out lined by Ivey et al (1997) is that it is a highly verbal technique, which is over-concerned with the deeper meaning of life rather than tackling problems and finding solutions. so it may non be suited to all clients especially those with mental health problems etceteraRogers therapy known as person centred and non-directive aimed to change the balance of personnel towards that of the client, and to treat the individual as a client rather than a patient. in time this point can be debated as to whether the balance of power is actually shifted and the oblige is with the recipient, rather than the provider of the therapy.Criticism of therapies, such as Rogerian, psychody namic and cognitive behavioural according to Ivey et al (1997) is that they place responsibility for the problem with the client rather than considering structural, governmental and environmental issues that are relevant to the clients experience.The person centred method in relation to lesbian women needs to be applied in a way that is medium to them, therefore if the counsellor is male he will need to be aware that he does non impose his own assumptions and interpretation onto the client, firstly close to his ideas rough womens roles within society and as nurturers, wives and mothers, secondly stereotypical perceptions about lesbianism.Feminists criticise models of the helping relationship which have their origins in the white middle class male ideology, they relate this to the way a patriarchal society oppresses women into submissive roles, Banks (1999) also promontorys whether male therapists can validate a female clients experiences in a male dominated society.Hetro-sexua l women can also oppress lesbians through negative assumptions and homophobia that can lead to imposing our own set and assumptions about lesbian relationships, McLeod (1998) gives a good manikin where a female therapist tried to actively encourage her lesbian client to date men.The person centred approach places particular idiom on the use of the essence conditions, genuiness, stark(prenominal) convinced(p) regard and empathy, and its view of human nature is positive and optimistic in comparison to Freudian psychology. The core conditions out lined by Rogers plays an essential part in shape uping a therapeutic relationship, between the therapist and the client.From my professional experience when on the job(p) as education social worker relating to a teenage pregnancy, the girl was fifteen years old and Asian. I was surprised when she said that she thought she was a lesbian, except working with the young person and applying Rogers core conditions, of genuiness, empathy an d unconditional positive regard, changed me to realize that people need to discover their sexuality and who the real person is society can place pressure on young people to conform to the norms of a white, heterosexual society and thereby place conditions of worth on them.Unconditional positive regard which is accepting the clients experiences without judgment is essential in building a therapeutic relationship, however if the counsellor has absorbed negative, homophobic assumptions about homosexuality, from the society that he/she lives in then these may consciously or unconscious mindly be transferred on to the client. Humanistic psychotherapist Don Clark (1987) has expressed that therapeutic neutrality is undoable to maintain, since we have taken on board societys negative stereotypes of homosexuality, he has stated that it is presumptuous to assume that counsellors who have been taught about valuable concepts such as unconditional positive regard are able to apply them with comic-lesbian clients if they are not aware of their own heterosexual or homophobia biases (Davies and Neal,1996)A lesbian women may for simulation find it difficult to come to terms with her own sexuality, because of negative stereotypes and stigma associated with it, Lesbian women are raised to view themselves as a half person without a man, they may see marriage as a door to individualised growth, adult hood, freedom, and motherhood. ( Davies and Neal,1996) the counsellor may therefore need to enable the lesbian woman to restore her self esteem and her concept of being a woman, the traditional female roles, as mother and wife may not be stereotypes that she aspires to.The impact of Homophobia on the self concept of a lesbian woman will create conditions of worth, therefore lesbians may feel they are not worthy individuals if they are not heterosexual, do not have children, have a male teammate and behave as society expects women to do.Bradshaw (1998) has defined the concept of Toxic shame in relation to internalised homophobia within the self-concept. This notion cannot be fully understood without the use of a more eclectic approach to counselling because it states that the self concept can become, fragile and a false self concept can develop, through denial, this may be conscious or unconscious solely it will be due to the fear of discovery.Toxic shame can lead to the development of defences which can lead to alcohol, substance abuse, suicide attempts, distancing oneself from others, underachievement or over-achievement etc.Being functional or dysfunctional human being is particularly relevant to how lesbian womens identity and self concept develops, becoming functional human being requires being able to use ones own organismic valuing process, which maximises the potential to grow and become the true self. The dysfunctional human being lives to meet the values of others to acquire love and respect. Coming out as a lesbian therefore is fraught with anxi ety and even danger of rejection by family, friends and community.The primary question is will they be valued by society if they come out as Lesbian? The organismic need to come out and be legitimate as a lesbian should be facilitated by the therapist to enable the client to accept their real identity however the client should be wee-wee to do this in her own time. Therefore acceptance from the therapist or social worker or other professional is an essential first step.However therapists as well as other professionals such as socialworkers can easily oppress lesbian women, an example from my practice experience when working with the Education Welfare divine service in a case where the child was not attending school regularly, during the home visit the client revealed that her relationship with her husband had broken down and that she had started a lesbian relationship, this immediately led me to make the assumption that the childs non-attendance may be related to this new relatio nship.On reflection I noticed how easy it was to jump to a conclusion relating to same sex relationships and would I have made the same assumption if the relationship was with a partner of the opposite sex?Drawing from my own experience I notice how easily professionals from helping organisations can make assumptions that can lead to discrimination and oppression, when working in a refuge for vulnerable women that had been the victims of domestic violence, a Black woman with four children came to the centre it was assumed automatically by the member of ply taking down her history that the abusive partner was male. The woman found that she had to explain that she was in a lesbian relationship, and the abusive partner was another woman.This is a good example where social assumptions and stereotypes where women are perceived to be submissive, passive individuals that are the victims of domestic violence rather than the perpetrators of it. It also shows that assumptions are made by pro fessionals regarding relationships that a partner automatically means someone of the opposite sex.The person centred method when applied to lesbians need to take into account the experience of the individual as a woman and also as lesbian her experience needs to be valued and respected, this method if used effectively according to Rogers, can build up the self -worth and self acceptance.However Davies and Neal (1996) state that few British training courses in counselling or psychotherapy cover working with lesbian, gay and bi-sexual people. They propose a model of gay assentient therapy this should be incorporated into other theoretical methods such as humanistic and psychodynamic etc.Gay affirmative therapy is not an independent system of psychotherapy. Rather it represents a special range of psychological knowledge which challenges the traditional viewsDavies and Neal (1996)Gay affirmative therapy is an eclectic model that incorporates some(prenominal) theories.2 important facto rs pointed out by Davies and Neal is firstly whether the counsellor is competent to counsel the homosexual individual, and secondly that it is important for the counsellor to examine their own ideas about values, moral and lifestyles when working with clients who are culturally different. This is the important factor of genuiness or congruence that Rogers has defined, Kus (1990), states that a therapist should be open and honest about own(prenominal) prejudices that they hold about homosexuality, and refer clients on, however congruence can be much more difficult in practice, if the therapist or the client with holds instruction from each other in the relationship.Empathy is also an important core condition that was noted by Rogers with in the person centred approach, it is a deep dread of the clients personal perspective of their problems, however it can be argued whether a heterosexual person can fully understand what it feels like to be a lesbian, similarly can a white person fully understand what it feels like to be black? This question exposes the difficulty of cross-cultural counselling, especially if the counsellor or therapist is unaware of the their own prejudice for e.g. non-verbal behaviour, body language or are ignorant about the issues for lesbian women.However it is important for professionals such as therapists not to assume that all lesbians need counselling for coming to terms with their sexuality, counselling may be required for a wide range of other issues as with hetero sexual women. R.J, Kus (1990) states that one of the most frequent criticism concerning helping professionals is that they get fixated upon the homosexual life style and lose sight of the issues the help is being want for, this means that the therapist assumes that the life style is the problem, despite the client stating other issues that help is sought for.The Humanistic perspective has contributed to social work practice by providing valuable criteria working in anti- oppressive and anti-discriminatory way with service users, the most useful contribution is the person centred approach, which facilitates building of genuine helping relationship and listening to the service user. It also acknowledges that the client is expert on his/her particular problems.The person centred method has many positive aspects that can be used by social workers and other helping professionals, and aspects of this model can be incorporated with other theories to provide an eclectic model that can be used effectively by them.For example the humanistic person centred method is a valuable tool to build warm, respecting and trusting relationship with clients such as lesbian women, it will facilitate understanding their present situation, and how they view them selves within society and explore their organismic needs. Aspects of the psychodynamic approach may be useful in the enabling the client to explore their unconscious feelings and motives, whilst multicultural perspec tives, acknowledge the cultural background and identity of the individual.I think that for anti-discriminatory social work practice that can empower the individual an eclectic model may be the most useful approach in a helping relationship.

Fashion Conscious Creme

These argon lines often heard in the port conscious creme de la creme of Indian society. The story is the same in almost any commercially happening city in the world except that the names of the clothes designers keep changing. This does non lowly that the national designers down not made a dent in the world market The Indian fashion world got global attention subsequently Miss Sushmita Sen and Miss Aishwarya Rai won the much coveted Miss Universe and Miss World titles respectively in 1994. Critics look upon these victories as a multinational conspiracy to promote European and American products in post-liberalisation global India.But the reality of the Indian fashion world having made a name for herself cannot be denied. spurt refers to that which is in vogue. It is usually related to ones dress sense and personality traits. In todays global village, e realthing from the colour of your hair to the designer brand of your shoes is a part of your fashion statement. There is a na tural desire in all of us to look good and our fashion sense essentially roots from there. This desire to look good is a primal instinct and should be respected because looking good is feeling good.The bearing factor also plays a very important role in the job sector because a good look obviates a sense of shadowiness and culture and communicates the right kind of values in ones upbringing. The modem obsession with designer products sold at ludicrous prices, however, beats understanding. Some junior man with multiple partings in his spiked hair sporting a loud T-shirt with torn jeans in perfect harmony with the pierced eyebrows, nose, backtalk and navel is not sporting any attitude he is simply epitomising the fall of man to a level of vulgarity which is worse than stovepipeial. Fashion should not be confused with arrogance or impudent disrespect for traditional norms and the values of our seniors. Fashion The Craze Among Youth.Every person is fashion conscious. Fashion is very popular among the school boys and girls. They do it in a competitive spirit to look smart, up-to-dateand attractive. Students like actors and actresses. Some of them see a film to sham the up-to-the-minute fashion. It is mostly the college students who look upon fashion as the very stuff of their conscience. Being fashionable is the only real passport to high society and popularity in the college. Students put on expensive and fascinating clothes of the latest cut, color and design. The students spend a lot of money on clothes and other things in life for sake of variety.They do not realize that they atomic number 18 wasting their precious time and energy in this effort. In addition, they waste the hard-earned money of their parents. Students have become crazy after fashion. But this is all being done at the cost of their studies. They are wasting the precious time of their life. Sometimes, poor parents are burdened with fashion bills. 853 Words Free Sample Essay on FashionThus, every one should try to have some leisure and make the best use of it by taking to some good credit line or the other. Great caution should be exercised in choosing a hobby. We should choose a hobby which recoups our energy and provides relaxation and recreation. Young people all over the world are becoming more and more fashion conscious. Young students, whether boys or girls, are crazy about it they want to look smart and beautiful by wearing dresses of the latest designs.In order to boost the sales of their dresses, leading cloth move and dressmaking firms engage reputed fashion designers and beautiful models. Fashion parades and shows are held in big five star hotels to exhibit the latest dresses. Fashion is no longer the monopoly of women. Even men have great fancy for it. In fact, the latest uni-sex dresses like shirts and jeans can be worn both by the girls and the boys. Today, the biggest centers of the latest fashions in the world are Paris,

Moving: High School and Friends Essay

Nobody really likes to move. Atleast, I know I dont. We were living in Brooklyn, New York. We move into our house in Brooklyn when I was two years old. Life was going great. I had lots of good friends that I had been around my entire life. I had lived my total life in that house, and I did not indispensableness to depart what I had always known. So here I am sitting on my straw man porch watching the orange, red, and yellow leaves make their way to the ground. Then I get a phone call from my dad saying were moving to Staten Island. I was in total shock, but I was feeling excited at the same time.The word spread like leaves in a storm. I didnt want to recover about moving. I just kept telling myself that it was never going to happen. I stood on my porch thinking about my lift out friends, starting at a new school, and packing. All the memories began to play in my head. I didnt know if I could take this chance. It was going to be extremely hard to leave everything behind, and mo ve to a new place. All my childhood, middle school, and ninth grade friends were going to be missed, but I knew I would eventually see them again or visit.I thought that somehow the day would never come when we would have to leave, but it came faster than I had hoped. I thought to myself that moving is a great time to break old habits and begin new ones. I had so much on my mind, and couldnt wait to relax. However, I was trying my best to stay positive no matter how hard it might get because it will be all worth it. The next day we all slopped our things onto a moving van, and I quickly said goodbye to all my neighbors and friends. I found myself tearing as the van drove off. It was the next dayspring in my new beautiful house in Staten Island.All my furniture and be massiveings were brought in. As I was trying to relax my mother came up to me, and told me that she is victorious me to register in a open school. Thats when my heartbeat was racing faster and faster. I was going f rom an all girls private school to a commonplace school. I didnt know how to feel at this point. The day finally came when I started sophomore year in Tottenville High School. I seen things differently, but I found myself loving this new experience. I made a few friends from each class, and did all the work I was assigned to do.After a long day in school, I came home to a delicious dish made by my mother. Everyone was anxious to know how the first day in public school was for me. I let all my friends and family know it was something different but I loved it. Now I can say I am finally relieved at this point. I realized it was one of the best things that have happened to me. I still miss my old friends, and I was scared of change. I had grown up in the same surroundings and with the same people. The only reason I didnt want to move was because I had so some(prenominal) memories with such amazing people.Now that I look back on it, that change was for the best. Change can be a good t hing, even if we think we hate it at the time. If we had not moved here, I would have missed out on all of the experience and opportunities that I have had, and all of the friends that I have made. No matter where life takes you, positivity is a key that will keep you going no matter how hard the situation whitethorn be. This experience only made me stronger, and taught me to be positive when it comes to who you are. However, here I stand better than ever proud of who I am, and most importantly blessed.

Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect

Photo Effects Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com ACTion Zoom BLurring EffECT In this Photoshop photo resultants tutorial, well learn how to add some action and a sense of motion to a photo with a travel rapidly fuddle stampuate. Well role Photoshops Radial Blur filter to add the initial blurring, then well bring back some of the current fancy using a class block out and the Gradient Tool. Not only is this a great (and popular) way to help bring an orbit to life, but the entire effect can be completed in less than five minutes once youre comfortable with the steps.Heres the photo Ill be using for this tutorial The original image. Heres how it go out look after adding the blur effect Lets get started The final action zoom effect. grade 1 Duplicate The terra firma dose The first step in creating our action zoom effect is to transcript the Background form so we can mildew on a separate copy of the image, which will allow us to bri ng back some of the original image later. With our photo newly unresolved in Photoshop, if we look in the bottoms panel, we can recognize that we currently collapse one stratum, the Background layer, which is the layer than contains our photoThe original image appears on the Background layer in the Layers panel. This Photoshop Tutorial 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 1 Photo Effects Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com To duplicate the Background layer, go up to the Layer menu in the menu Bar at the top of the penetrate, choose new, and then choose Layer via Copy. Or, for a faster way to duplicate a layer in Photoshop, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac) Go to Layer New Layer via Copy, or fight Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac).Either way you choose tells Photoshop to make a copy of the layer, and if we look again in the Layers panel, we can se nd off that we now have two layers. The original Background layer is on the bottom, while a brand new layer named Layer 1 sits in a higher place it. If we look at the preview thumbnails to the unexpended of the layer names, we can see that both layers contain the same image, which means we can now do some(prenominal) we want to the image on Layer 1 and the original photo will remain safe and unharmed on the Background layer downstairs it An exact copy of the image now appears on Layer 1 above the Background layer.Step 2 Apply The radial tire Blur filter With Layer 1 selected in the Layers panel (it should be highlighted in blue), go up to the filter menu at the top of the screen, choose Blur, and then choose radial Blur Go to Filter Blur Radial Blur. This brings up Photoshops Radial Blur talks box. The Radial Blur filter gives us a choice of two different types of blurring Spin and Zoom. Since were creating a zoom effect, bushel the Blur method pickaxe on the left side of the dialog box to Zoom. Directly below the Blur Method option is the Quality option. Choose Best for the quality.We control how much blurring is applied to the image with the Amount option at the top of the dialog box. The higher the Amount value we select, the more blurring is applied. dog the slider towards the remediateeousness to increase the Amount value, or drag it towards the left to decrease it. Unfortunately, the Radial Blur filter doesnt give us a preview of the effect, so youll probably enquire to puree a few different values before you find the one that works best for your image. Ill explain how to do that in a moment. Im waiver to set my Amount value to 50, but the value you end up choosing may be different.Finally, use the Blur Center box on the right side of the Radial Blur dialog box to set the order where the blur will appear to be zooming out from. Simply click in spite of appearance the box to set the point. Again, theres no way to preview the effect befor e running the filter so be prepared to try a few times before you get it right. I want my blur effect to appear to be coming from behind the girls head, so Im going to click above and to the right of center in the box to set my point. Set the blur type, quality, amount and zoom point. This Photoshop Tutorial 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com.Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 2 Photo Effects Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Click OK when youre done to exit out of the dialog box. Depending on the speed of your computer, as well as the size and complexity of your image, you may need to wait a bit for Photoshop to finish applying the blur, so dont panic if it seems like nonhing is happening. After waiting a few seconds for Photoshop to do its thing, here is my image with the zoom blur applied It may take a few tries before you get the results you want with the Radial Blur filter.If youre not bright with yo ur initial blur results and want to try again, first unwrap the filter by going up to the cut down menu at the top of the screen and choosing undo radial Blur. Or, for a faster way to undo the filter, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) Undo the blur effect with Edit Undo Radial Blur, or press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac). Then, to quickly bring the Radial Filter dialog box back up, press Ctrl+Alt+F (Win) / Command+Option+F (Mac). Choose a different Amount value and/or set a different point for the zoom effect in the Blur Center box, then click OK to run the filter again.You can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want. Step 3 Add A Layer mask The problem with our blur effect is that its covering up the entire image, which isnt really what we want. In my case, the blur effect is distorting the girls face, so I want to hide the effect in that part of the image and allow the original photo to lay out through. We ca n do that easily using a layer mask. With Layer 1 still selected, click on the Layer mask icon at the bottom of the Layers panel. Its the icon that looks like a rectangle with a round sand trap in the center of itClick on the Layer Mask icon. Nothing will appear to happen in the document window, but a layer mask thumbnail appears to the right of the preview thumbnail for Layer 1 in the Layers panel, letting us know that weve added our layer mask. If you look closely at the thumbnail, youll see a white highlight border somewhat it, which tells us that the layer mask, not the layer itself, is selected The highlight border around the layer mask thumbnail tells us that the mask, not the layer, is selected. This Photoshop Tutorial 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. Photo Effects Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Step 4 guide The slope Tool Were going to draw a black-to-whit e gradient on the layer mask to hide part of the blur effect and create a nice, smooth transition between the effect on Layer 1 and the original image on the Background layer below it. To draw the gradient, well need Photoshops gradient Tool, so select it from the Tools panel. You can also select the Gradient Tool by pressing the letter g on your keyboard Select the Gradient Tool. Step 5 Select The gruesome to White gradientWith the Gradient Tool selected, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) anywhere inside the document window to quickly bring up the gradient Picker. Click on the Black to White gradient to select it. Its the third gradient from the left, top row Click on the Black to White gradient in the Gradient Picker to select it. Click anywhere outside of the Gradient Picker to close out of it when youre done. Step 6 Select The radial gradient By default, the Gradient Tool is set to draw a standard linear gradient, but we also have different styles to choose from, all of which can be selected from the options Bar at the top of the screen.Youll see a row of five icons, each one representing a different shape for the gradient (Linear, Radial, Angle, Reflected, and Diamond). Select radial gradient by clicking on its icon (second one from the left) Select the Radial Gradient. Step 7 Drag out A radial gradient To Hide Part of The Blur Effect I want to allow the girls face to show through the blurring effect, so with the Gradient Tool, the Black to White gradient and the Radial Gradient style selected, Ill click in the center of her face to set my starting signal point for the gradient.Then Ill simply drag my mouse towards the left until Im just beyond her hair. The area in between the starting and end points of the gradient will become a smooth transition area between the blurring effect on Layer 1 and the original image on the Background layer below it. Since Im drawing a radial gradient, the gradient will extend 360 around my starting point (which mea ns it doesnt really matter which direction you drag from the starting point), creating a circular shape with black in the center and gradually changing to white as it extends out in all directionsDrag out a Radial Gradient across the area where you want to hide the blur effect and reveal the original photo underneath. Since we drew the gradient on the layer mask, not on the layer itself, we dont see the gradient in the document window. This Photoshop Tutorial 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 4 Photo Effects Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Instead, we see the results of the gradient on the layer mask. The girls face is now visible through the blurring effectDrawing the gradient on the layer mask reveals part of the original image underneath. Even though we cant see the gradient in the document window, we can see it if we look at the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. The black area represents the part of the layer thats now hidden from view. As the gradient becomes lighter towards the edges, more of the layer becomes visible. The white areas are where the layer is completely visible If youre not happy with your initial gradient, simply press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) to undo the gradient, then try again.The layer mask thumbnail shows us the radial gradient we added. Step 8 Lower The opacity To fine-Tune The results If you find that your blur effect is too strong, you can reduce its intensity by lowering the opacity of Layer 1. Lowering the layers opacity value will allow more of the original image on the Background layer below it to show through. Youll find the opacity option in the top right of the Layers panel. Keep an eye on your document window as you adjust the opacity to judge the results.Im going to lower mine down to around 70% (left) Lower the opacity of Layer 1 to reduce the intensity of the blur. And with that, were done H ere, after fine-tuning my results with the Opacity option, is my final action zoom effect result for more Adobe Photoshop tutorials, visit Photoshop Essentials. com www. photoshopessentials. com The final photo effect. This Photoshop Tutorial 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 5

What Care Services Are Available to People with Long-Term Health?

What cargon dish outs ar available to wad with coarse health conditions and why is it important that these dishs should take into account individuals sensitivities and constituent? According to Talcott Parsons being sick is a berth (a deviant one) which is a temporary role that all people (regardless of their status or position) enter at some stage of their life. Its main function is to control illness, and to reduce its disruptive effects on the affable system by ensuring that sick people be returned to health as speedily as wieldable (Parsons 1951).However if you are seen as make whoopieing playing the sick role, people might label you as a malingerer. A malingerer is someone who shirks their duties by pretending to be ill (Block 1 who deals, p-67), this as well as has its problems as you inception to feel isolated, depressed and loss of self-esteem from hiding daily activities from people. Therefore, before you scour contemplate on seeing a doctor you will depl ete already taken on the sick role. The NHS is better into two, Primary and Secondary health services they both look after people who suffer from long-term illnesses i. . diabetes, asthma and coronary heart disease. It is estimated that there are around 15 million people in England that have a long-term illness (DH 2006). Your local doctors surgery or GP practice provides a wide range of family health services (NHS Choices, 2007). I myself will often refer to a case of a man named Anwar Malik that I have been studying, who himself has used most of the health services. Anwar Malik is a 54 year old green grocer and lives with his wife Hansa and their youngest son Iqbal.Anwar originally was born in Pakistan and came to live in the UK when he was a young man. Anwars first language is Punjabi and Urdu, moreover give nonice speak English as Hansar and Anwar speak it in their shop. Anwar had been feeling unwell for a while, lethargic, tired and generally thirsty. Anwars wife discov er that he had become less active and frequenting the toilet more often. Hansa his wife became concerned for her husbands health and advised him to visit his doctor. Anwars G. P referred him to hospital for further tests where it was discovered he in fact was diagnosed with diabetes.Primary care services are normally the first point of contact if you have a health related issue, an appointment with your GP (general practitioner), dentist, nurse or optometrist. It is estimated that around 90% use this service and most can be accessed in the doctors surgery, although Anwar could have gone to his local manner of walking in center or even telephoned NHS direct. If your illness requires further tests your G. P will refer you to a secondary health care provider, this is what happened to Anwar Malik. Secondary care is defined as a service provided by medical specialists who generally do non have first contact with patients.Secondary care is usually delivered in hospitals and patients hav e usually been referred to secondary care by their primary care provider (usually their GP) (Dr Foster 2001). What can people expect to ensure in a hospital setting? Consultants, nurses, health care assistants and domestics are just a few to name. There are contrasting departments that split the hospital, intensive care different medical wards i. e. Neurology, surgical, and also not forgetting the Accident and Emergency department. Communication between primary and secondary care breaks d admit quite easily, especially if you are receiving long term care.If you are being seen as an outpatient for long periods, the GP will need to be informed of their tr eliminatement and progress, as this could have an impact on the GPs own treatment for the patient. Social care supports people for whatever reason that is ineffectual to function without support or supervision in their own homes. Some families struggle to fund this patient of of service as it is not always free and requires servic e users to use their own money in order to obtain the service. Home care workers work to a care plan which determines what they do for separately service user.However there needs to be clear boundaries between the home care worker and the service user in being friendly and being a friend, otherwise this could lead to considerable stirred demands on the home care worker. There are a combination of factors why some are reluctant to use this service, as it requires strangers going into the service users own home and carrying out personal care. improvement users can also get very frustrated with home care as there are frequent changes in staff and some are even poorly trained.The service can be unreliable due to staff sickness or not receiving a call due to obstinate conditions, leaving the service user stranded. However there are a majority of service users that enjoy home care as it is delivered in the comfort of their own homes, takes pressure off families and can even postpone or stop the need to go in hospital or care homes. Everybodys illness differs from person to person so it is always important to take into account individuals sensitivities and circumstances, like Anwar were his taken into account?It is not just the individual with the illness that needs to be thought approximately, the family is often bear on to. As we are aware Anwar originated from Pakistan and maybe he did not fully understanding English properly, also Hansa cannot read English very well and this proved difficult when trying to plan and personify meals for Anwar from a leaflet given to her by the nurse. The menu showed typical English food had anyone taken into account that Asians eat western food and their eating patterns differ from our own culture, this can lead to cultural barriers.Should the hospital have translated the diet sheet into the appropriate language that Anwar and Hansa are familiar with? What about communication and visual help? Should the hospital have provi ded a translator, so that both Anwar and Hansa fully understand the effects of diabetes? The hospital also could have shown Anwar and Hansa photos of a gangrenous foot or even an amputee, this could have made Anwar think in two ways about his own health (this could be me). Two per cent of the UK suffers with diabetes, South Asian residents of the UK are 4 times likely to be affected by diabetes than the rest of the population (Block 1, who cares p-85).What about financial worries? Having to follow a healthy eating plan can cause financial burden on the full-length family. Families struggle to eat healthily amid rising food bills and shrinking budgets (Guardian 2012), could this be another(prenominal) obstacle in the way of Anwars treatment. Can they afford to change the whole familys diet, or have they enough money for extra food just for Anwar? Should the hospital be taking this into account for the sake of peoples health? However it is also important to think about a persons ps ychological needs, do they understand what is being asked of them, are they fully aware of the condition that they have.Living with a inveterate illness is a demanding job and can often lead to bouts of depression many people are so overwhelmed by complications that may arise with their health and may experience a number of other emotions apart from depression, anger is also common as to why this is happening to them, mood swings, frustration and dismay of the unknown. If such emotions do arise it is important for the health care professionals to support them and encourage them to communicate their concerns corking away, otherwise this can have a long term effect on how they and their families manage their illness, thusly serving to improve a ersons health for the see able future. Over the last blow health care has been totally transformed by biomedical science to understand what causes illness and diseases, and to find a cure. However biomedical science is not enough to encour age people to administer their own care. To provide effective health care involves educating, informing, engaging and reenforcement people and their families, so that they can manage their own treatment. This means you would have to look at things from the service user perspective, asking them how they feel and helping them make sense of their illness.Any treatment that has to be given must take into account peoples cultural, social circumstances and lifestyles. Word Count-1420 Good practice 1) Liz appears to be ensuring Clarice gets the level of support she wants, to do the things she wants, in the way she wants. Liz doesnt appear to impose an agenda of her own or one defined by Somebody Cares. I think this is supporting Clarice s rights to appropriate services. 2) When Clarice is in conversation with Liz, not only does Liz listen provided lets her lead the conversation.Liz puts no time pressure on Clarice and lets her do what she can for herself and only helps when asked by Clar ice. Liz is supporting Clarice in maximising her potential to being independent. 3) Clarice opens the door to Liz they then have a little schmooze before any tasks are done. Not at any point does Liz talk about another client and lets Clarice lead the way to the bath style. I think Liz is maximising Clarices potential by let her be as independent as possible and by not divulging confidential information onto Clarice about another client. Bad practice ) Marjorie does not engage flagstone in two-way conversation at any point. She talks over her all the time. Consequently, Iris has no chance to give voice to her views or wishes. She doesnt get a chance to make her point even in her own room. This is not supporting Iris to have a voice or be heard. 2) Iriss room is treated like a public place, where Marjorie comes and goes as she pleases. Iris is given no dignity in her own room shouting do you want the lavvie? Marjorie moans about another person to Iris, leaving Iris wondering does she speak about me to other people.I think Marjorie has no concept of peoples rights to privacy and confidentiality. 3) Iris is capable of having a bath she probably would find it a pleasure but unfortunately Marjorie runs it for her. This is not taking into account Iriss capabilities or wishes and definitely not maximising Iriss potential to run it herself. Word count-346 My tutors feedback has helped me to develop my writing, thinking skills and to real believe in myself. The only negative I had was no reference list, but I did transport one (maybe didnt receive it).The most difficult task Ive found while doing TMA02 was not to ramble on and miss the point. References The Open University (second edition2010), block 1 who cares, Malta, Gutenberg Press Limited (p-67) & (p-85) Parson, T, (1951) the Social System, Glencoe IL, the still Press. Department of Health (DH) (2006) Our Health Our Care, our Say A New Direction for Community Services, Norwich, The Stationary lieu also ava ilable online at www. dh. gov. uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4127453 (Accessed 26 February 2008).NHS Choices (2007) About NHS Services NHS GPs/Doctors online, www. nhs. uk/AboutNHSservices/doctors/pages/DoctorsSummary. aspx (Accessed 17 December 2007 www. guardian. co. uk/ hostel/2012/nov/18/families-rising-food-prices-budgets (Accessed 10 November 2012). www. uwic. ac. uk/shss/dom/newweb/Sick_role/Introduction. htm (Accessed 10 November 2012). www. drfosterhealth. co. uk/medical-dictionary/terminology/secondary-care. aspx (Accessed 12 November 2012). www. medicalprotection. org/uk/booklets/common-problems-hospital/communication-between-specialties (Accessed 17 November 2012).

Family Violence

1. What is the general in the particular with regards to abuse in this clause? The article shows statistically that if you are male and start out been a victim of violence or family violence you lay down a higher risk of becoming an abuser compared to some iodin who has non been victimized. And those family violence victims have a higher incidence of developing psychic health issues and personality disorders, abuse drugs or alcohol, or have been abandoned as children.2. What is the strange in the familiar? The article shows how witnessing or being victimized by violence as a child or adolescent changed the perception of these offenders considering and practices of acceptable behaviors which do violence against another person to be acceptable practice.3. What might this article add to understanding world-wide offenders? I think that it would be interesting to see how the statistics would change once the offenders went through extensive therapy. Would the therapy mistake or im prove the rack of violence? And by how much?4. What does this issue identify about likely hearty marginalization? Because these offenders have been victimized themselves they have become the perpetrator as this is what they know to be the norm for them. In times of crisis or change they would do what they know until they know better. Unfortunately the pattern of behavior has changed their view of what is normal behavior and they lack the skills to deal with change or crisis without violence. Thus good turn a personal problem into a public issue.5. What does this article identify about potential social crisis? The potential social crisis in this article is that if the pattern of family violence is not broken it will be an inherited personality trait for the children who witness or are victimized by it, leading to to a greater extent violent crimes and more dysfunction in families.6. After reading this article, what social change do you think needs to be adapted? I personally thin k and feel that violence of any reference needs to be unacceptable in society and that society as a whole should say out about this issue by providing roofys of public awareness and free accessible talk over services to break the cycle of abusive behaviors.7. Who would you most likely speak out for (the offender or society)? I struggle with that decision as I can identify with both sides on one hand it is very sad that the offender had to witness or undergo abuse as a child which ultimately shaped them as adults. But on the other hand it is also direful that society is at risk based on someone elses poor choices therefrom the cycle of violence continues.8. Apply the structural- operating(a). social-conflict, and symbolic-interaction theory to this article using each paradigm perspective, describe the issues of offenders. For the structural functional aspect the issues of the offenders would be that they hurt another human therefore they have to pay the price in jail. The socia l conflict issue would be poor self-esteem, been abused or witnessed abuse themselves, possible mental health issues related to the abuse, eg. personality disorders and narcissistic personalities traits. The symbolic-interaction issues would be that they were raised in an environment of abuse therefore it is a pattern of behavior they know and are comfortable with and believe it is the norm to behave this way.9. Would this enquiry be of greater interest to a sociologist favoring a structural-functional, social-conflict, or a symbolic-interaction paradigm? A sociologist favoring a symbolic-interaction paradigm because the article focuses on patterns of social interactions in specific settings in a micro direct orientation. in that location is also scientific data to support the theory which would be of interest as closely for a sociologist favoring this paradigm.10. Is this study, of male offenders only, guilty of sexism? No I dont think so they were not comparing males to females they just gathered data from a particular group and analyzed it based the take aim on violence that they had witnessed as children and how it affected them as adults. If they had compared the same data from females that would be sexism in my opinion. There is a lot of research and articles available about violence against women but not a lot about the male offenders to get a full view of the big picture it is worthwhile to appear at all sides to gain a broader view of where the violence originated from in the first place.

Foreign Literature Essay

Nowadays, we ar living in a world that everything exist makes our life easier. Technologies, upgrade and miscellany rapid and it will last for long time. At the moment, folks is still using the most effective and informative matter in searching significant things. Internet is the best way in exploring matters, and soon numerous argon exploiting it. Business, government, organizations, companies atomic number 18 the usual users of internet. Reasons why mess use internet is because it will come through and suggest sites that you can assure you will not victim by some hoi polloi who ar untrusted. Business like selling and reserving house and lots has their own websites that you can visit and inquire if you ar interested in acquire there house and lots.Today plurality are not much(prenominal) put effort in buying or reserving house and lot, one of the reason is they are grouchy on their work and they cannot a lot time to visit the particle. Instead of visiting some subdivi sion they just surf the internet to know what are the subdivisions that are selling high class or regular style of houses and how extent the lots that can be reserved by the customer. Tarlac is one of the provinces who are progressive and still strive hard just to make it well-liked by the individuals who had been on this place. There are myriads of the subdivisions in Tarlac, so competition takes place. In order to have emptors, different tactics and techniques are needed. heaven Homes plane section is a new build subdivision located at San Jose, Tarlac.STATEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVEThis question is intended and developed an Online House and stagger Reservation for Shangri-La Homes Subdivision that can be accessed of the people who are interested in buying or reserving house and lots. Precisely, it attained the subsequent objectives * To help people in buying and reserving house and lots in much easier ways. * To organized the transactions between the buyer and the administration * To lessen the effort of the customers.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYThe Online House and Lot Reservation for Shangri-La Homes Subdivision reinforced the administration of the subdivision,SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDYThis research concentrates only on Online House and Lot Reservation for Shangri-La Homes Subdivision. The system helped the administration of the subdivision and buyers to put less effort in buying and reserving house and lot in typical ways. Administration of the subdivision will not have much strategies to make just to have buyers, in the part of the administration they will not hire people who are giving leaflets and have an advertisement furthermore they can keepd money. On the other hand, the buyers who are interested will not go to the subdivision and ask much information and they can save their time in spending it with their families.

Different Temperament Types

I gather in wondered how knowing my character will help me in my personal life? I wonder why I do certain things, and react the way that I do. I believe the results of this genius study will let out me insight into some of those whys. This study with the four different temperament types will let an underlying sympathy for my behaviors. I will try to use this information to not use the negative behaviors, which arise from my feature temperament type. When I took the personality test in the Temperament Sorter I was classified as a withstander.This trait is characterized by knock-down(prenominal) managerial and organizational skills, dependability and seriousness, being down-to-earth and conservative. The Keirsey website describes Guardians as the origination of society and claims that they make up 40 to 45 percent of the population. It highlights that the greatest strength in the Guardian trait is my logistical intelligence. It further mentions that, my personality dictates t hat when given an important choice between two methods, I will remove the one I am more familiar with rather than something new (the see to it over experimentation principle).An suit is when I want to take my children for an outing, while a new egress will bring more excitement and a newer learning experience I unravel to choose the places I am more familiar with. I am very cautious well-nigh change, and realizing this I will make a strong effort to allow myself to venture out more and in doing so bring more exciting experiences to the lives of my children as well. Another signifi bumt behavior is related to my temperaments respect for rules and authority.Thus, when my 11 year old son make his own Halloween decorations which tend to be rather scary for other neighbors, and I got some rather unkind comments, I immediately explained this to my son, and made an effort to remove the scary decorations and place them inside the house, and only let the more happy Halloween decoration s remain. Realizing my strong belief in rules, I will further ensure that what is asked of me and my children is also fair in our viewpoint.Also, since Guardians argon very serious nearly their duties and responsibilities the third important behavior that can be said about me is my need to complete a task when called upon. Thus during my daughters fund raiser at school, even though I was asked to do some(prenominal) last minute requests, because I knew this is important for her school, I tried to require things done to the best of my ability, even though I placed a huge stress upon myself. lastly my need to follow schedules, and deadlines that is often a great trait in organizations at home can often lead to friction.It is very important for me to realize this drawback, and allow more flexibility. I believe if I can do this, I will help myself, and my family be more relaxed. As my mother forever says what will happen if your son doesnt finish his homework, Friday night, he can d o it Saturday or Sunday, and tranquilize feel he has had some freedom 2 After reading my temperament, I think m any(prenominal) of the traits of a Guardian argon similar to what would be considered a good t apieceer. For example, Guardians will usually live on by the rules and respect authority.This characteristic sets a good example for the students. A teacher should always drive a fair attitude, when it comes to making any form of evaluation, and must always be fair in their profession and while assessing students on their performance, instead of personal rapports and likings. One of the main characteristics of Guardians is that they always want fairness. Guardians tend to find satisfaction in doing work that involves detail a good teacher should be precise and have an eye for detail.In fact, a disorganized person would find teach unsuitable and unfulfilling. headspring thought-out plans and programs for teaching will assist the productivity of a teacher. This temperament is always concerned about the upbeat of people and will look after the physical needs of others, which is ideal in a teaching situation. Guardians expect to be held accountable and to take responsibility. They happily shoulder the load that they know needs to be done. A teacher should be dedicated towards their work.They should not kill time in the classroom and front for the school bell to ring. Instead, taking out time and going the extra mile for the students is what makes an ideal teacher. A good teacher must have good time management skills and always value the vastness of time, this will help the students to get organized and further enhance their learning by them learning to mend manage their time. Guardians can have a lot of fun, but are quite serious about their duties responsibilities.A teacher who can have fun with their students, yet to remain serious about responsibilities so the students can both relax and enjoy the teacher, yet also have respect is a certification of a great teacher 3 Research shows that shows that goodness of fit between your childs temperament and your parenting course is important for healthy social and emotional development. Differences in child temperament require differences in enate handling to achieve a good fit.For this to occur after reading my temperament I have to match My demands or expectations with what my child is able to do, given my childs temperament, age and abilities. I would now start by learning about my childs temperament as well. If I can understand my childs temperament and so I can plan ahead to prevent potential problems. If I can learn about their difficulties, then I could use strategies to make the specific situation easier for everyone. For example as a Guardian I believe in law and order, and sometimes worry that respect for authority, even fundamental sense of flop and wrong, is being lost.My son as a Rational disregards any authority or customary unconscious process that wastes time and resources I have tried to convey this message to him by teaching him why rules are important, and giving him specific examples, versus simply asking him to obey the rules and not be allowed to question me in any form. Because as a rational he trusts logic, and needs to understand why these rules are necessary. My daughter on the other hand is a Guardian like myself, and because she prefers sameness, I take my time introducing new things to her.For example when I take her to a new class, if I simply ask her to go and join in, and whirl away, it will end badly. I have tried many different activities with her, and if I sit with her and give her time to explore to become comfortable, she is always happy, and engages beautifully. Considering the vast differences between our temperaments, and all the strengths and weaknesses we possess, it is important to learn how each temperament type will interact with each other and hopefully combine traits to bring about goodness of fit.

Music Role of a Composer Essay

A person who creates the melody the music we take care to by writing a piece of music for theatre, radio, film, TV and computer games where music is needed is know as composer. Composing of music has played a vital role in the lives of composers making others to be considered as princes of music like Josquin and Palestrina yet others had unique styles of composing their music. The roles of a composer are to create music by creating situations in which sounds will basically be.A composer has to devise strategies to ensure coordination of elements of performers set into motion. This is achieved by ensuring that correct notation of music has been done in order to accurately direct musicians. The task of a composer is to bring out an original piece of music fitting for a specific mission after which the composition will then be performed by musicians. The music composed might be having lyrics or just instrumental. Furthermore, it washbasin be either in the form of country, classical jazz or even folk.The work of composer modify a great deal between 900 to 1820. in the 900s, composers used to create music in that at that place is a solo singer and choirs or more probably in an Organum style . In the go of change, music styles became more complex and multiple parts were used for different instruments and this help to bring accord. The recorder, lute and the invention of printing press that brought about standardization of musical notation. Later the Organum was modified into the modern harmony of today by use of a figured bass to accompany a melody.The introduction of keyboard in equal temperament enabled different keys to be used without alteration. Finally, during the classical period, the composers fostered for loyalty or nobility of the duration. The composers of the time were offered with creative tools to build many accredited pieces of music given that the concept of music was abstract and quarantined allowing them to explore the music industry. Jo squin Desprez (1440-1521) was the master of composing in his time .He created his music with careful run-in which were of marvelous simplicity and sophistication. Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1827) was the instrumentals in bringing into being the romantic music era. These 2 men brought about great change in the musical industry and meaning to composers without fear of experimenting. References Fulcher, J. The Composer as an Intellectual. Music and Ideology in France 1914-1940. New York Oxford University Press, 2005 Smith J. & Carlson B. The Gift of Music Great Composers and Their Influence. Crossway, 1995

Research Paper - War and Peace Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

- War and Peace - Research Paper ExampleThis paper will demand come forth the views and opinions of people who argon justifying contend in some form or the other by dint of their literary work. Also, the paper will provide an analytical view on what makes them believe that war is justifiable and in what circumstance they consider war acceptable, whether it really deserves the kind of importance that is given to it. War and peace argon the 2 important aspects that rule the political, social and economic aspects of the world and thus it proves to be one of the close to significant areas as a whole. Many dimensions are given to this form of belligerency between two states. As per the definition provided by Dinstein in War, Aggression and Self Defense (2011), War is a at loggerheads interaction between two or more States, either in a technical or in a material sense. On technical front, war is a formal way to support war whereas in the material sense, it means the usage of armed conflict by either of the party. Thus, it has a wider reach then what it is often thought out to be. The term war has got a wider connotation than its real(a) meaning and if often used against anything against social or economic problem as well. There are instances were people address terms like war against drugs and war against terrorism. It is used in everyday parlance and adds a poetic touch over the intensity of the issue. Thus, there seems to be a sieve of belief that war is not something that needs to be avoided altogether rather it is a means to survive. fit to Softich (2010, pp. 3-64), the writings of Noah bring out the mixed feelings that are the outcome of the war scenario. He conveys it effectively through the book, The Short and Noble Life of Specialist Noah Charles Pierce. Noah Charles Pierce, a Veteran of Iraq War, had written many poems on war. He shot himself dead after returning back home from Iraq. All his poems surround the war scenario and bring out the true essence of war. All his poems are touching and provides with a detailed account of the heart at the war site, the challenges and hardship that the soldiers had to face. He provides a justification that whomever is in front of him, if he was an enemy, he had not choice but to kill him. Through his writings, he reflects the inner feelings that surround him during the course of war and after he had done his duty as a responsible citizen. fullification is given that war, ultimately, is aimed at providing a greater sense of protection though in its course a lot of flavour is taken. If we take an account of the history, it becomes clear that war, though not liked, was considered to be an inevitable part of life. Richard Regan observes in his book, Just war principles and cases (1996) that wars are the means to preserve the interests of a society or an individual. He further contends that wars are the natural consequence of individual and societal acquisitive appetites. The justificati on is made based on the aspects that no moral and ethnical details matters when the subject of self-interest comes into play. The author goes in-depth when analyzing the aspects of war and provides an excellent stance that the chastity and badness of a war can be determined on its success or nonstarter to protect the societal interests or not. Thus the justification that war is not bad in itself and only(prenominal) the intention behind the war needs to be looked up to is put across through a more analytical approach. On one of his editorial contributions, When You Have to Shoot First